Complex trauma, complex reactions: Assessment and treatment.

Complex Trauma, Complex Reactions: Assessment and Treatment

Complex trauma occurs repeatedly and escalates over its duration. In families, it is exemplified by domestic violence and child abuse and in other situations by war, prisoner of war or refugee status, and human trafficking. Complex trauma also refers to situations such as acute/chronic illness that requires intensive medical intervention or a single traumatic event that is calamitous. Complex t...

The Assessment and Treatment of Complex PTSD

Impact of Complex Trauma

The term complex trauma describes both children’s exposure to multiple traumatic events, often of an invasive, interpersonal nature, and the wide-ranging, long-term impact of this exposure. These events are severe and pervasive, such as abuse or profound neglect. They usually begin early in life and can disrupt many aspects of the child’s development and the very formation of a self. Since they...

Editorial comments: Complex developmental trauma.

The diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition (DSM-III; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980) partially in response to a social demand to describe the pervasive psychological problems in many returning Vietnam veterans. The creation of a formal diagnosis offered legitimacy to the idea that tra...

Trauma to the nail complex☆

OBJECTIVE to analyze the results from surgical intervention to treat trauma of the nail complex. METHODS we retrospectively reviewed a series of 94 consecutive patients with trauma of the nail complex who were treated between 2000 and 2009. In 42 patients, nail bed suturing was performed. In 27 patients, nail bed suturing was performed subsequent to osteosynthesis of the distal phalanx. In 15...